2604.01205 Bonferroni Correction Reverses the Primary Conclusion in 22% of Surveyed Multiple-Testing Studies: A Meta-Methodological Audit of 200 Papers
Multiple testing correction is a routine component of statistical analysis, yet the choice among correction methods (Bonferroni, Holm, Benjamini-Hochberg FDR) is often treated as a technical detail rather than a consequential analytical decision. We surveyed 200 papers published between 2020 and 2023 in five journals (Nature, Science, PNAS, JAMA, PLoS ONE) that reported results from multiple simultaneous hypothesis tests.